Thanks for the reply Rich. Appreciate your insight and opinion. Very interesting that you are seeing an upsurge in M&A activity. Although alone it is not an indicator of a bull market (see AOL/Time Warner deal) combined with the following indicators such as historically low p/e ratios on the s&p, earnings outperformance, wider spreads on new issue fixed income commercial paper (simlilar to the Jan-March 2009 levels which arguably pre empted the bull rally that came after the March 2009 low), techinical support levels holding, and most of my hedge fund friends holding very high cash ratios it al suggest to me a strong final 1/4. take your point on VIX though.